Presumably by taxing dividends (and possibly capital gains, depending on who you ask) as normal income, and eliminating other quirks of the tax code that overwhelmingly benefit the wealthy.

Which is soon followed by the inevitable "but I was already taxed on this money!" wealthy investor complaint.

That does not follow. Complaints about double taxation on dividend income are based on the existence of corporate taxes.

The idea would be to shift the tax burden from corporate profits to dividends and capital gains.

Roughly 100% of people agree with you, just not on which 10%, which is why that plan is prima facie untenable.

Across the board cuts for any programs with budgets above a certain percentage of the entire Federal budget. Basically a progressive budget cut to avoid small programs getting hit too hard.