It's difficult, but not impossible. My university has a spin-off company, which does parsing of documents. One thing that they do is parsing of CVs. You give it a pdf file of any CV in any format and it will convert that into a machine readable format. Obviously that requires domain knowledge, but it's possible.

I don't know how Zapier works, but it is possible that they do some kind of fuzzy matching, that is robust to those things.