With the filastruder project (DIY plastic filament extruder) that should be possible. However, 3D printers don't like too much recycled material (at least not for ABS) so you would have to add it along with new ABS pellets.
On the upside - there's a possibility that a few 3D printed components could save a lot of 99.5% "working" manufactured assemblies from ending up in landfill.
Kipple: I worry about the amount of plastic kipple these things will generate.