> A lot of people talk about adult mathematical/statistical illiteracy and how it leads to major problems with cognitive biases, poor decision making, etc.

Yeah, I find that difficult to imagine too. The assumption behind that seems to be that with the proper statistical knowledge, people are able to understand ... scientific articles? Because I don't really know where else you could find a relation between cognitive bias and knowledge of statistics.

But first, articles have the statistics done. Second, knowing statistics isn't going to make you understand the article, nor spot the errors. Third, most articles still rely on poor statistics, because many of the authors and reviewers still think that e.g. null-hypothesis testing is just fine. As a corollary, most articles are wrong, and should not be used for decision making.