I think the issue is more in manufacturing and disposal not use. Don't overheat your pan and you are fine. The garments also used PFAS based coatings for water repellent coatings which are also bad.
Yes. i.e. 400-500F is much more likely to be harmful to health than 300F. This is why teflon pans are not a good choice for things like searing meat, where you really want the surface to be very hot. Of course, you can still do plenty of cooking at 300F.
Or just preheating oil — you can easily get a pan within that range in just a couple of minutes if you put oil on the bottom and turn the stove on high
That's correct, best used for more gentle cooking like eggs and fish that really stick and not high heat searing. Can withstand normal levels of heat but higher heat can degrade the PTFE coating and release harmful chemicals. Don't heat the pan too much with nothing in it.