If you can run WSL 2 then you can use this method.
I personally run Windows 10 Pro which does have Hyper-V enabled (I use Hyper-V for standalone VMs unrelated to Docker) so I can't disable it to check for you but I'd say I'm 99.99% sure it'll work without Hyper-V because this is focused on running an application (Docker) inside of a WSL 2 environment. If WSL 2 is available to run then Docker can run in it because WSL 2 is providing the Linux environment. There is no separate VM running Docker.
WSL2 definitely works on Windows 10 Home, which doesn't have Hyper-V. My understanding is that they split off the VM functionality needed for WSL2 into the "Virtual Machine Platform" feature so that pro+ is no longer required.
I personally run Windows 10 Pro which does have Hyper-V enabled (I use Hyper-V for standalone VMs unrelated to Docker) so I can't disable it to check for you but I'd say I'm 99.99% sure it'll work without Hyper-V because this is focused on running an application (Docker) inside of a WSL 2 environment. If WSL 2 is available to run then Docker can run in it because WSL 2 is providing the Linux environment. There is no separate VM running Docker.
Try it out and let us know.