Well, the US has already a lot of restrictions to companies that want to do business in dollars and not just on Internet companies.

See https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/bnp-paribas-agrees-plead-guil...

This is a case of trade with countries under embargo.

One of the main use of internet surveillance was trade (e.g. Boeing vs. Airbus deals).

I believe the US department of justice have the right structure to make this kind of fines, part of the fines goes to found the department of justice.