You visit a.example. It talks to a central server and says "I saw a user with identity a.example:foo". Then you visit b.example. It talks to a central server and says "I saw a user with identity b.example:bar". Without third-party cookies (or fingerprinting) how does the central server correlate these requests?
Ah, indeed. Appreciate that example. I guess my frame of mind comes from knowing what the large agency conglomerates are working around by using Unified ID or some other identity graph from pieces of data like hashed emails etc. Of course this means that the advertiser themselves are permitting such use.
I mean, yes, if you explicitly tell two websites who you are then they can agree on who you are. But that's very rare, no? What fraction of sites are you logging into?