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11s are practically free, though, in base 10. The algorithm "repeat the non 11 number twice" works up till 10 x 11, where the "add a 0" algorithm for 10 kicks in. So you're just really memorizing 11 x 11 = 121 and 11 x 12 = 132.


A simple trick: For 11 x a 2-digit number you can simply take the first digit of the 2-digit number then the 2 digits of the number added together then the last digit of the 2-digit number.

Ex: 11 * 12 = 132 or 1, 1+2, 2. 11 * 45 = 495 or 4, 4+5, 5. For numbers which sum to more than 10 add the carry to the first number ex: 11 * 59 = 649 or 5, 5+9 = 14 so add 1 to the initial 5 and keep the 4, 9.


This generalizes to multiplying any number times 11,

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trachtenberg_system#Multiplyin...

Take a number, say 142857. Prepend a 0 on the left. Underneath each digit write the sum of the digit above and the one to the right. If you work from the right, it's easier to keep track of the carries.

  0142857
  1571427


I'm 29 and never heard this before. Neat!


This is golden: I am just over 40 and I now know that I knew nothing at 29!


But it's also "practically free" to just mentally do "10x + x", which I can actually add faster than my brain will return an answer from the post-10 part of the times table. (Not that I didn't memorize the 11s and 12s all the same at the time, but they got a lot less use and so a lot less reinforcement.)




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