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I read this twice and don’t think I misread it:

> The tiniest of pieces of plastic, nanoplastics are defined by the researchers as having a diameter of less than one micrometre (one one-thousandth of a metre). Microplastics are between one micrometre and 5 millimetres across.

Isn’t a millimeter one one-thousandth of a meter and a micrometer one one-thousandth of that (or one-millionth of a meter)? I don’t have to reason about objects this small very often so I was trying to make sense of the relative sizes and this threw me off.

Of course mistakes happen, so whatever, hopefully it’s corrected shortly; I’m just surprised to see something so easily check-able as a unit definition get missed in a publication like Nature.


You're right, this does look like a mistake in the article.


I’d start with reading the article; it lists several.


The article lists other S3-compatible servers that also don't have UIs. That doesn't fix the problem.


None of those support the use case I actually want: an S3-compatible server that stores data locally and replicates to a cloud provider. Ideally it should also store enough integrity-checking metadata what one can verify that everything is replicated correctly to the cloud after the fact.


I don't know if it is a server or client in this context, but have you looked into using rclone? I think due to the nature of the way it intermediates the S3 API, and involves (re)downloading files for some operations, rclone is probably either, or both, depending on what you're doing and how.

https://rclone.org/

https://github.com/rclone/rclone

Specifically, check out this new beta feature called bisync which has use cases that sound a lot like yours:

https://rclone.org/bisync/#sharing-an-encrypted-folder-tree-...


I think you want rclone. Specifically a combination of:

a local filesystem remote

a cloud provider remote

rclone serve s3 to serve a local s3 compatible API for the local remote

something orchestating an rclone copy, rclone sync or rclone bisync command to sync the local and cloud remotes. Could be triggered on a timer, or using another tool to watch the local directory for changes and trigger a sync.


I swear I suggested rclone on an old refresh of the page only to find you had posted this nearly an hour ago. I wasn't sure rclone could fit this use case, but I'm glad I wasn't totally off-base in assuming it was very close.

I think you can run rclone as a service, they recommend you use bisync on crontab, for example.

What's bisync? I don't really know, as it's new to me, but it's an experimental beta feature from rclone and sounds neat.

https://rclone.org/bisync/

https://rclone.org/bisync/#sharing-an-encrypted-folder-tree-...

> Sharing an encrypted folder tree between hosts

> bisync can keep a local folder in sync with a cloud service, but what if you have some highly sensitive files to be synched?

> Usage of a cloud service is for exchanging both routine and sensitive personal files between one's home network, one's personal notebook when on the road, and with one's work computer. The routine data is not sensitive. For the sensitive data, configure an rclone crypt remote to point to a subdirectory within the local disk tree that is bisync'd to Dropbox, and then set up an bisync for this local crypt directory to a directory outside of the main sync tree.


> https://rclone.org/bisync/

This is quite an amazing man page, at no point does it say what the command does.

It has a lot of details upfront about it being beta, and where its working directory is, and what the limitations are. But what does it do?


That's not the manpage, this is the manpage: https://rclone.org/commands/rclone_bisync/


Bidirectional sync via rclone?


Yeah for my home server backups I run rclone on a systemd timer


Funny enough, MinIO supported that feature via bucket replication. You could set the bucket replication to asynchronous or synchronous, write to MinIO and it would sync away, including custom storage classes on the target bucket. I use it to sync to a aws S3 bucket.


Out of curiosity, if using replication how many copies would you expect to be stored locally and how many in the cloud? If using erasure coding, which parameters locally and which in the cloud? How quickly would you expect the replication to cloud to occur?


One or more locally. One in the cloud. I want a local object store that archives, reliably, to the cloud. And I don’t mean some wildly inefficient periodic job that tries to find new objects and archive them — I mean something actually integrated in that reliably and verifiably replicates.


Who?


Good question


I had the same reaction, but then some cursory searching led me to this discussion on the "Talk" page for Wikiquote's entry on Mussolini which casts some doubt on the accuracy of the attribution and/or translation of this line:

https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Talk:Benito_Mussolini#Fascism_...


From there:

> At its core, the quoted saying is incompatible with fascism and frankly nonsensical. Under fascism, the state uses the market efficiency of capitalism to regulate and control the economy, namely by concentrating market shares to a relatively few large corporations into cartels, which in turn the fascist state has direct control over. Whereas, corporatism is state control by large interest groups, commonly pictured as large multi-national corporations with monopolistic powers. In other words, the controlling party under corporatism is the reverse of that under fascism."Fascism recognizes the real needs which gave rise to socialism and trade unionism, giving them due weight in the guild or corporative system in which divergent interests are coordinated and harmonized in the unity of the State."The Doctrine of Fascism (1932) by Benito Mussolini and Giovanni Gentile


> the various social programs the military has now been implementing

Social programs? You mean the policy of not discriminating based on gender or sexual preference?

> they started scrutinizing the basic, popular political beliefs of many of the recruits

It seems prudent to scrutinize political beliefs that might be incompatible with treating a non-cishet male colleague as an equal (or a superior, as the case may be) or regarding such colleagues with dignity and respect.


> Social programs? You mean the policy of not discriminating based on gender or sexual preference?

What is the point of the military?


They asked a rather simple question, it's weird that you seem to be dodging it. It's unlikely your good-friend was turned away because they were were ideologically-opposed to the military having any social programs for housing, or for healthcare, or for family support, or for post-service education.

So again, which "social programs" were you referring to in your argument?


He wasn't turned away. He left, honorably. No one kicked him out or suggested it. He just didn't feel welcome and saw the winds changing.

It really ought to be obvious, but many of the sorts of young men who join the military and who are attracted to it and would make good fighters are not into transgender troops, women in combat, or flamboyant homosexual men (they're not into flamboyant straight men either). Many of the type of troop we need are attracted to the military because it is -- historically at least -- a men's hierarchical organization. Not only has the military embraced social issues that turn men off, it also offers dual standards (physical standards are lower for women) and affirmative action when promoting (yes... it's still legal for military academies to use affirmative action... they're exempt!). We can either accept this reality and have enough people volunteer, or ignore it, and be where we're at today.

This is not controversial, and honestly is irrelevant to my or yours belief system.

Which is why I asked the question of the purpose of the military. It's not a jobs program. It's to hone warriors who will protect this country. Now, if the Pentagon says we need X warriors and only Y < X show up, this is a problem because the country is undefended. There are a few ways out. Either the pentagon is wrong in its estimates of how many troops are necessary for national security, or, by embracing these novel social issues, the military has eroded national safety, thus negating the very purpose of its existence.


When was the last time the military was used to “protect this country”?


If it's not being used for that it's actually okay to just go into maintenance mode and reduce staffing.

In reality, America projects power daily through its military and this has an unquantifiable effect on world safety and shipping ability


these same folks probably would have been against the integration of black folks back in the day which would have been considered "woke" then. Just like always, this will pass.


The integration of different folks into the military is not the issue for most people. That's equality.

The problem is the differential standards by population (i.e. equity).


> whatever half baked thing (lights, sirens, computer vision, AI, barriers) it is OP is envisioning

Do you think OP should have produced a formal proposal with input from industry experts and detailed cost and risk mitigation figures before submitting a comment on an internet forum?


Either that or another ten seconds of rumination.


There's no requirement for you to be pleasant on an internet forum, but there's no reason not to be either. Snark is rarely becoming.


Death Valley NP is pretty remote, no? “Run a bag down to the bank” is probably a significant errand.


To add to this Death Valley is bigger than Delaware. It has multiple entrances that are over 90 minutes apart. To visit all of them and then and then get to the nearest bank could be half a day if not a whole day.

I would not be surprised if there is some government regulation that is making this more complicated than it needs to be, but its a tough problem reguardless.


On a trip from Kristiansand to Oslo in 2011, I noted to the driver of the vehicle in which I was traveling how unusual it seemed to me that no one on the highway was being impatient or aggressive. How remarkable, I proposed, that even the impatience of motorists could be tamed by Norwegian social norms? He chuckled and explained section speed control to me: https://www.vegvesen.no/en/fag/fokusomrader/trafikksikkerhet...

Norway has the lowest per-capita traffic deaths of any European country. Check out the US's traffic death statistics if you need another reason to be disappointed in the outcomes of our domestic policy.


They also only work with frames that have been specially designed to allow fitting a belt, as I understand it. Chains can be easily broken and joined in the shop (or even on the roadside), but not so with belts, so the frame must come apart to get the belt going through the rear triangle, which substantially complicates frame building and design.

I don't mean to suggest this tradeoff isn't worthwhile to people who want clean, low-maintenance bicycle drivetrains for working or commuting, but the extra cost of manufacturing makes it harder to persuade cost-conscious consumers.


This is true and a good point, but: It is hopefully only a matter of time until belts can also be joined and opened. Veers split belt [1] system already does this, hopefully this becomes more common, so the need for a belt specific bike-frame disappears.

- [1] https://www.veercycle.com/products/split-belt-pro

Edit: As pointed out in another comment, the fixed size of a belt remains though, unlike with a chain.


These days you have Veer who offer a split belt that unlike the closed loop Gates belt can also be used with closed frames. But they still need to be manufactured to a specific length, unlike chains which are sold one size easily adjusted to all.


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